64 research outputs found
Persistence of discrimination: revisiting Axtell, Epstein and Young
We reformulate an earlier model of the "Emergence of classes..." proposed by
Axtell etal. using more elaborate cognitive processes allowing a statistical
physics approach. The thorough analysis of the phase space and of the basins of
attraction leads to a reconsideration of the previous social interpretations:
our model predicts the reinforcement of discrimination biases and their long
term stability rather than the emergence of classes.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure
The Labour Market on the Hypercube
Positions offered on a labour market and workers preferences are here described by bit-strings representing individual traits. We study the co-evolution of workers and firm preferences modeled by such traits. Individual ”size-like” properties are controlled by binary encounters which outcome depends upon a recognition process. Depending upon the parameter set-up, mutual selection of workers and positions results in different types of attractors, either an exclusive niches regime or a competition regime.
Adjustment and social choice
We discuss the influence of information contagion on the dynamics of choices
in social networks of heterogeneous buyers. Starting from an inhomogeneous
cellular automata model of buyers dynamics, we show that when agents try to
adjust their reservation price, the tatonement process does not converge to
equilibrium at some intermediate market share and that large amplitude
fluctuations are actually observed. When the tatonnement dynamics is slow with
respect to the contagion dynamics, large periodic oscillations reminiscent of
business cycles appear.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Heterogeneity and Increasing Returns May Drive Socio-Economic Transitions
There are clear benefits associated with a particular consumer choice for
many current markets. For example, as we consider here, some products might
carry environmental or `green' benefits. Some consumers might value these
benefits while others do not. However, as evidenced by myriad failed attempts
of environmental products to maintain even a niche market, such benefits do not
necessarily outweigh the extra purchasing cost. The question we pose is, how
can such an initially economically-disadvantaged green product evolve to hold
the greater share of the market? We present a simple mathematical model for the
dynamics of product competition in a heterogeneous consumer population. Our
model preassigns a hierarchy to the products, which designates the consumer
choice when prices are comparable, while prices are dynamically rescaled to
reflect increasing returns to scale. Our approach allows us to model many
scenarios of technology substitution and provides a method for generalizing
market forces. With this model, we begin to forecast irreversible trends
associated with consumer dynamics as well as policies that could be made to
influence transition
"Antiferromagnetism" in social relations and Bonabeau model
We here present a fixed agents version of an original model of the emergence
of hierarchies among social agents first introduced by Bonabeau \textit{et al}.
Having interactions occurring on a social network rather than among 'walkers'
doesn't drastically alter the dynamics. But it makes social structures more
stable and give a clearer picture of the social organisation in a `mixed'
regime.Comment: 11 pages including 7 figure
From production networks to geographical economics
Although standard economics textbooks are seldom interested in production networks, modern economies are more and more based upon supplier/ customer interactions. One can consider entire sectors of the economy as generalised supply chains. We will take this view in the present paper and study under which conditions local failures to produce or simply to deliver can result in avalanches of shortage and bankruptcies and in localisation of the economic activity. We will show that a large class of models exhibit scale free distributions of production and wealth among firms and that regions of high production are localised
The Labour Market on the Hypercube
Positions offered on a labour market and workers preferences are here described by bit-strings representing individual traits. We study the co-evolution of workers and firm preferences modeled by such traits. Individual "size-like" properties are controlled by binary en¬counters which outcome depends upon a recognition process. De¬pending upon the parameter set-up, mutual selection of workers and positions results in different types of attractors, either an exclusive niches regime or a competition regime
Decision making dynamics in corporate boards
Members of boards of directors of large corporations who also serve together
on an outside board, form the so called interlock graph of the board and are
assumed to have a strong influence on each others' opinion. We here study how
the size and the topology of the interlock graph affect the probability that
the board approves a strategy proposed by the Chief Executive Officer.
We propose a measure of the impact of the interlock on the decision making,
which is found to be a good predictor of the decision dynamics outcome. We
present two models of decision making dynamics, and we apply them to the data
of the boards of the largest US corporations in 1999.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, submitte
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